How The Life Begin

What is Goldilocks zone? The origin of life requires a planet locate at a distance from its star having neither too cold nor too hot atmospheric conditions. Such moderate zones with life possibility exist around the certain stars, and the astronomers define this term asGoldilocks zone. Why it is so important to us? Today, it is very important for the astro biologists to search the extraterrestrial life locations in the universe. In future, the decreasing natural resources on earth and the extraterrestrial threats may compel human species to migrate for the new rendezvous. Thus the astronomers continuously peeping into the deep universe to spot such meaningful locations for the future invasions. What is a habitable zone around a star? Different stars depending on their brightness levels and burning tendency of its inside nuclear plants can have varying distances to the Goldilocks area. Water - the key ingredient for life can be formed only on a planet existing in such...

Goldilocks conditions The  Earth  is ideally located in a  Goldilocks condition —being neither too close nor too distant from the Sun. A theme in Big History is what has been termed Goldilocks conditions or the  Goldilocks principle , which describes how "circumstances must be right for any type of complexity to form or continue to exist," as emphasized by Spier in his recent book.For humans, bodily temperatures can neither be too hot nor too cold; for life to form on a planet, it can neither have too much nor too little energy from sunlight. Stars require sufficient quantities of  hydrogen , sufficiently packed together under tremendous gravity, to cause  nuclear fusion . Christian suggests that the universe creates complexity when these Goldilocks conditions are met, that is, when things are not too hot or cold, not too fast or slow. For example, life began not in solids (molecules are stuck together, preventing the right kinds of associations) ...

1. T he universe appears, incredibly hot, busting, expanding, within a second. 2.Stars are born. 3.Stars die, creating temperatures hot enough to make complex chemicals, as well as rocks, asteroids, planets, moons, and our solar system. 4.Earth is created. 5.Life appears on Earth, with molecules growing from the  Goldilocks conditions , with neither too much nor too little energy. 6.Humans appear, language, collective learning. 7.Christian elaborated that more complex systems are more fragile, and that while collective learning is a powerful force to advance humanity in general, it is not clear that humans are in charge of it, and it is possible in his view for humans to destroy the  biosphere  with the powerful weapons that have been invented. In the 2008 lecture series through  The Teaching Company's Great Courses entitled Big History: The Big Bang, Life on Earth, and the Rise of Humanity, Christian explains Big History in terms of eight thresholds of i...

Cosmic evolution is more than a subjective, qualitative assertion of "one damn thing after another". This inclusive scientific worldview constitutes an objective, quantitative approach toward deciphering much of what comprises organized, material Nature. Its uniform, consistent philosophy of approach toward all complex systems demonstrates that the basic differences, both within and among many varied systems, are of degree, not of kind. And, in particular, it suggests that optimal ranges of energy rate density grant opportunities for the evolution of complexity; those systems able to adjust, adapt, or otherwise take advantage of such energy flows survive and prosper, while other systems adversely affected by too much or too little energy are non-randomly eliminated. Fred Spier is foremost among those big historians who have found the concept of energy flows useful, suggesting that Big History is the rise and demise of complexity on all scales, from sub-microscopic particles ...

Notable among quantitative efforts to describe cosmic evolution are  Eric Chaisson 's research efforts to describe the concept of energy flow through open,  thermodynamic  systems, including galaxies, stars, planets, life, and society. The observed increase of  energy rate density (energy/time/mass) among a whole host of complex systems is one useful way to explain the rise of complexity in an  expanding universe  that still obeys the cherished  second law of thermodynamics  and thus continues to accumulate net  entropy . As such, ordered material systems—from buzzing bees and redwood trees to shining stars and thinking beings—are viewed as temporary, local islands of order in a vast, global sea of disorder. A recent review article, which is especially directed toward big historians, summarizes much of this empirical effort over the past decade. One striking finding of such complexity studies is the apparently ranked order a...

Cosmic evolution is a quantitative subject, whereas big history typically is not; this is because cosmic evolution is practiced mostly by natural scientists, while big history by social scholars. These two subjects, closely allied and overlapping, benefit from each other; cosmic evolutionists tend to treat universal history linearly, thus humankind enters their story only at the most very recent times, whereas big historians tend to stress humanity and its many cultural achievements, granting human beings a larger part of their story. One can compare and contrast these different emphases by watching two short movies portraying the Big-Bang-to -humankind narrative, one animating time linearly, and the other capturing time (actually look-back time) logarithmically; in the former, humans enter this 14-minute movie in the last second, while in the latter we appear much earlier—yet both are correct. These different treatments of time over ~14 billion years, each with different emphases ...

Cosmic evolution can elicit controversy for several reasons:  evolution  of any kind inherently attracts detractors, especially among religious  fundamentalists ; cosmic evolution addresses universal and human origins, which often elevate emotions; it challenges age-old ideas about life's sense of place in the cosmos; it embraces change, which many people dislike or distrust; it welcomes a broad interpretation of the concept of evolution, replacing the idea of evolution exclusive to life, which some biologists prefer; it proposes a sweeping, interdisciplinary worldview based on  rationality  and  empiricism , which, despite its experimental tests, some find intellectually arrogant. [ citation needed ] One popular collection of scholarly materials on cosmic evolution is based on teaching and research that has been underway at  Harvard University  since the mid-1970s

Cosmic evolution , the scientific study of universal change, is closely related to Big History (as are the allied subjects of the  epic of evolution  and  astrobiology ); some researchers regard cosmic evolution as broader than Big History since the latter mainly (and rightfully) examines the specific historical trek from Big Bang →  Milky Way  → Sun → Earth → humanity. Cosmic evolution, while fully addressing all complex systems (and not merely those that led to humans), which is also sometimes called cosmological history or  universal history , has been taught and researched for decades, mostly by  astronomers  and  astrophysicists . This Big-Bang-to-humankind scenario well preceded the subject that some historians began calling Big History in the 1990s. Cosmic evolution is an intellectual framework that offers a grand synthesis of the many varied changes in the assembly and composition of radiation, matter, and lif...

Big History makes comparisons based on different time scales, or what David Christian calls "the play of scales", and notes similarities and differences between the human, geological, and cosmological scales. Christian believes such "radical shifts in perspective" will yield "new insights into familiar historical problems, from the  nature/nurture debate  to  environmental history  to the fundamental nature of change itself."  It shows how human existence has been changed by both human-made and natural factors: for example, according to natural processes which happened more than four billion years ago,  iron  emerged from the remains of an exploding star and, as a result, humans could use this hard metal to forge weapons for hunting and war. The discipline addresses such questions as "How did we get here?," "How do we decide what to believe?," "How did Earth form?," and "What is life?" It offers a "grand tour o...

Radiocarbon dating  helps scientists understand the age of rocks as well as the  Earth  and the  Solar System . Professor  David Christian  argued that the recent past is only understandable in terms of the "whole 14-billion-year span of time itself."Big History seeks to retell the "human story" in light of scientific advances by such methods as  radiocarbon dating  and  genetic analysis . In some instances, it uses  mathematical modeling  to explore interactions between long-term trends in sociological systems, and it has led to the coining of the term  cliodynamics  by Peter Turchin of the  University of Connecticut  to describe how mathematical models might explain events such as the growth of empires, social discontent, and the collapse of nations. It explores the mix of individual action and social and environmental forces, according to one view. While conventional history might see an invention...

Big History, in contrast to conventional history, has more of an interdisciplinary basis.Advocates sometimes view conventional history as "microhistory" or "shallow history", and note that three-quarters of historians specialize in understanding the last 250 years while ignoring the "long march of human existence."However, one historian disputed that the discipline of history has overlooked the big view, and described the "grand narrative" of Big History as a "cliché that gets thrown around a lot." One account suggested that conventional history had the "sense of grinding the nuts into an ever finer powder."It emphasizes long-term trends and processes rather than history-making individuals or events. Historian  Dipesh Chakrabarty  of the  University of Chicago suggested that Big History was less politicized than contemporary history because it enables people to "take a step back." It uses more kinds of evidence than ...

Big History arose from a desire to go beyond the specialized and self-contained fields that emerged in the 20th century. It tries to grasp history as a whole, looking for common themes across multiple time scales in history.  Conventional history typically begins with the invention of writing, and is limited to past events relating directly to the  human race . Big Historians point out that this limits study to the past 5,000 years and neglects the much longer time when humans existed on Earth. Henry Kannberg sees Big History as being a product of the  Information Age , a stage in history itself following speech, writing, and printing.  Big History covers the formation of the universe, stars, and galaxies, and includes the beginning of life as well as the period of several hundred thousand years when humans were hunter-gatherers. It sees the transition to civilization as a gradual one, with many causes and effects, rather than an abrupt transformation from uncivilize...

Comparison with conventional history Big History examines the past using numerous  time scales , from the  Big Bang  to  modernity , [4]  unlike conventional history courses which typically begin with the introduction of  farming  and  civilization , [15]  or with the beginning of  written records . It explores common  themes  and  patterns . [10]  Courses generally do not focus on humans until more than halfway through, [7]  and, unlike conventional history courses, there is not much focus on kingdoms or civilizations or wars or national borders. [7]  If conventional history focuses on human civilization with  humankind  at the center, Big History focuses on the  universe  and shows how humankind fits within this framework [16] and places human history in the wider context of the  universe's history . [17] [18] Conventional history often begins with the development of  agric...

This article possibly contains  original research . Learn more A diagram of the  Big Bang  expansion according to  NASA Artist's depiction of the  WMAP  satellite gathering data to help scientists understand the Big Bang Big History is an academic discipline which examines  history  from the  Big Bang  to the  present . Big History resists specialization, and searches for universal patterns or trends. It examines long  time frames  using a  multidisciplinary approach  based on combining numerous disciplines from science and the humanities, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] and explores human existence in the context of this bigger picture. [6]  It integrates studies of the cosmos, Earth, life, and humanity using  empirical evidence  to explore  cause-and-effect relations, [7] [8]  and is taught at universities [9]  and secondary schools [10] often using web-based interactive prese...

The next chapt er is very awesome and the big part of cosmic calendar. I name next chapter is big histo ry I think it suitable for next chapter.

The current second Date /time. kya    Event 31 Dec, 23:59:590.5 Modern History ; the last 437.5 years  before present

History Begin Date / time . kya .  Event 31 Dec, 23:59:3312.0 End of the Ice Age 31 Dec, 23:59:418.3Flooding of  Doggerland 31 Dec, 23:59:466.0 Chalcolithic 31 Dec, 23:59:475.5 Early Bronze Age ;  Proto-writing ; Building of  Stonehenge Cursus 31 Dec, 23:59:485.0 First Dynasty of Egypt ,  Early Dynastic Period in Sumer , Beginning of  Indus Valley Civilisation 31 Dec, 23:59:494.5 Alphabet ,  Akkadian Empire ,  Wheel 31 Dec, 23:59:514.0 Code of Hammurabi ,  Middle Kingdom of Egypt 31 Dec, 23:59:523.5 Late Bronze Age  to  Early Iron Age ;  Minoan eruption 31 Dec, 23:59:533.0 Iron Age ; Beginning of  Classical Antiquity 31 Dec, 23:59:542.5 Buddha ,  Mahavira ,  Zoroaster ,  Confucius ,  Qin Dynasty ,  Classical Greece ,  Ashokan Empire ,  Vedas Completed ,  Euclidean geometry ,  Archimedean Physics ,  Roman Republic 31 Dec, 23:59:552.0 Ptolemaic  astron...